Xbox System Software
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The Xbox's Software is composed of many things, including the bootloaders, the kernel, the dashboard and more.
Bootloaders
1BL
Stored in CPU rom, decrypts and starts CB bootloader. (more info needed)
CB-2BL
Stored in NAND, decrypts and starts CD bootloader. (more info needed)
CD-4BL
Stored in NAND, decrypts and decompresses CE, which contains the base kernel and hypervisor. It then decrypts and starts the CF bootloader. (more info needed)
CE-5BL
Stored in NAND, decrypts and decompresses CF(PatchSlot0), CE is the basekernel and Version 2.0.1888 on all known xboxes. (more info needed)
CF-6BL
Stored in NAND, decrypts and decompresses CG(PatchSlot1), which contains the latest update patches for kernel and hypervisor. It then applies the patches and loads. (more info needed)
CG-7BL
Stored in NAND, is the latest patchset, called PatchSlot1. (more info needed)
Hypervisor
The hypervisor is used to protect the Xbox 360 console from attacks, by running the hypervisor with higher privileges than the kernel.
Kernel
The Xbox 360's kernel is responsible for low level hardware communication and more. (more info needed)
File Systems
The Xbox 360 uses various File Systems for storing games, user content and more.
FATX (File Allocation Table for Xbox) is used as the storage filesystem on hard drives/memory units/USB devices/xlaunch.fdf files.
STFS (Secure Transacted File System) is used for game saves, profiles, arcade games, downloadable content and more. STFS is also referred to as CON/LIVE/PIRS files, as they are all STFS files, just signed with a different header.
STFC (Secure Transacted File Cache) is used for cache storage for games.
NAND File System is used to store the bootloaders, kernel, keyvault and other files on the NAND.
File Formats
The Xbox 360 also uses different File Formats for storage of data, as storage on the Xbox is limited, these files are usually binary. XeNTaX.com is a DataBase of hundreds of different file formats, which may be of help.
PEC (Profile Embedded Content) is used as another layer of security inside profiles.
XContent (Content Packages) is used for secure storage of files on memory devices.
XDBF/GPD/SPA (Xbox Dashboard File/Gamer Profile Data/Statistics, Presence and Achievements) is used for profiles (achievements/settings/titles) and games (achievements/strings/ratings).
XEX (Xenon Executable) is the executable format used by the Xbox 360.
XMI (Xenon Music Index) is used to index music on the Xbox.